Types of Spanish Iberico and Serrano Ham

Jamon (Spanish for ham) Iberico or Serrano is in addition to caviar,foie and black truffles, the fourth finest and valued flavour in the world, as ensuring the best chefs and experts. The exclusivity of this food, only made in some regions of Spain, perfect because of its climate, tradition and know-how, makes it one of the most sought after and asked for. A truly gourmet delight.

But, what do we know about the different kinds of Jamon? What is exactly a Jamon Iberico or a Jamon Serrano? Well, the biggest difference is in the feeding of the animals, and the types of pigs.

Mainly we can find two breeds of pigs in Spain:

Black Iberian: This legendary and select race has many qualities, including a great capacity to accumulate fat under its skin and between the muscular fibres. This is what produces the typical white streaks that make it special. It’s the only breed used to makeIberico ham. Only in some cases, pigs grow and live freely in the dehesa (meadow), where they can run and do exercise, what is perfect for the hams.

White pig: is a cross between Large White and Landrace (mother side) and Duroc breed (father side). These races allow to obtaining quality hams with low levels of dietary cholesterol (high in unsaturated fats and low in saturated fat). It’s used to make Serrano ham.

So, from the back leg of a Black Iberian pig we can make:

-        Jamon Iberico de Bellota(Spanish for acorn): is the top grade of Spanish ham. Bellota means that the pig has been fed exclusively on a diet of acorns and herbs. This feeding gives the hams a very rich flavour and smooth texture. These hams need to be cured for at least 24 months. The world most famous brand is Joselito.

-        Jamon Iberico de Recebo: the pig has been fed a mixed diet including both acorns and compound feed (cereals mainly). The hams take some flavour of the acorn, but with less intensity.

-        Jamon Iberico de Cebo: pigs raised in a compound feed diet. Anyway, the breed makes an excellent ham even without the acorn diet, with a very smooth texture and good flavour.  

And from the back leg of a White Spanish pig we can make:

-          Jamon Serrano: this indicates that the pig has grown (and the ham has been made) in a mountain range, so is used to indicate a wide range of hams. The salting and curing process is the same as for the Iberico ham, but usually for less time. Flavours range from mild and full flavoured, excellent as well. Jamon Serrano is the staple of most Spanish families and restaurants and accounts for 90% of ham production in Spain.

-          Jamon from Teruel: this refers to a PDO (Protected Designation of Origin by EU Authorities) type of ham made exclusively in Teruel, a region with perfect conditions, including climate, for raising pigs and curing process. Jamon from this area has an special flavour, highly valued and appreciated by top Spanish chefs, who often use it in their recipes and restaurants. PDO Council lays down rules that ensure the high quality of this ham. There are really strict rules for growth and feeding pigs, for the curing process, even for the altitude (800 m.a.s.l.) and the geographical area at which the hams are to be made. There are many brands and small companies of Jamon from Teruel, but undoubtedly, the most recognized for its quality and special flavour is Antonio Mata.

And what is a Paleta? Simple: a Jamon is made from the back leg of a pig. The Paleta or Paletilla is made from the front leg (shoulder cut). Obviously the Jamon has more meat than the Paleta because the size difference, as it’s smaller (but less expensive).

We hope helped to tell the different types of Jamon and its qualities for your next purchase. 

Spanish Tapas: a whole world

Nowadays the Spanish term tapa is known around the World. We usually eat tapas at trendy Spanish restaurants, which are springing in many countries as UK or USA. Spanish food is in vogue, because of its simplicity, its healthy ingredients, and above all, its flavours: distinctive and strong, but pleasant and delicious.

But we know what really the tapas are? How are the real tapas in Spain? How many types of tapas can we find? Or how the Spanish eat them?

We can define Tapas are titbits eaten with drinks at a bar. Normally eaten before a full meal, but not exclusively, as the custom is to eat them between meals, mid-afternoon, mid-morning, or to brighten up any time at the bar. Or you can simply make a complete meal with them.

The name tapa (cover) is very old, and refers to the slice of bread with jamon that was put on the jars of wine, in the medieval inns, to not enter flies or dust.

What means Tapeo? Tapeo is the Spanish tradition of going out, normally before lunch or dinner, to join friends to drink beer, wine, or a soft drink, while eating some snacks (tapas), to stave off hunger. In many parts of Spain is a tradition going from bar to bar and eat a tapa on each. This is called Ir de tapas. So tapas mix the concept of eating with socializing.

Eating and drinking are complementary: drink stimulates the appetite and aids digestion of some ingredients (such as pepper), and in turn, food helps to lower effects of alcohol.

 

The tapas are cooked in all bars in Spain, so many of them are warm. Each offers different tapas, but some are common and famous throughout the country. That is the case of Tortilla Española (Spanish potato and onion omelette), Patatas bravas (spiced potatoes), Boquerones (anchovies with garlic and olive oil), the fresh Russian salad (potato with vegetables and mayonnaise salad), or Croquetas (croquettes; made of chicken, jamon or cod)

But we can find specialties by region. For example:

-          Galicia, in the northwestern coast, is famous for its seafood tapas, as this area is Europe's largest producer of shellfish. We can try the octopus, prepared in the Galician way. Or the Empanadillas Gallegas (Galician patty with seafood).

 

-          In Andalusia is so typical to order Boquerones en vinagre (anchovies on vinegar with garlic and olive oil), or even Boquerones fritos (fried anchovies), but the star dish is definitely a plate of Jamon Iberico. 

 

-          In Castilla (Castile) there is a strong tradition for tapas of pork. Therefore, we can eat Chorizo (classic Spanish red sausage) or Morcilla (blood sausage). The most famous is the one made in Burgos, with rice.

 

-          Madrid is specially known for tapas, and you can find bars everywhere. Is very common to order Patatas bravas (medium size chunks of fried potatoes in a hot spicy sauce made with chilli), and of course Callos a la madrileña (tripe casserole).

 

-          In Catalonia the Pa amb tomaca (a slice of bread with tomato and garlic sauce), or Escalibada (peppers, aubergines and onions, baked in the oven).

-          Bilbao is famous for its tapas of Bacalao a la bilbaina (fresh cod cooked in the Bilbao way), or Gambas al ajillo (fried prawns out of its shell with garlic and chilli pepper). Everything is always accompanied by local wine, the txakoli.

-          And Valencia, capital of the Mediterranean Diet, you can order any salad with olive oil (very healthy), Clochinas al vapor (steamed clams), or Esgarraet (roasted pepper, cod "esgarrat", garlic and oil; simple but delicious).

 

There are different ways to serve or present a tapa: 

-          A simple normal dish or plate (Jamon, cheese).

-          Small clay casserole or plate (fried Chorizo, Gambas al ajillo).

-          Montaditos: a slice of bread with toppings (Loin with fried onions, Morcilla de Burgos).

-          Pincho: this term is sometimes confusing (depends on the part of Spain), because it can be a small plate (Ensaladilla rusa, Tortilla Española), or in the north it refers to a tapa which all ingredientes are fastened with a toothpick (as Champiñones; mushrooms).

 

-          Banderilla: olives, pieces of peppers, chives and a gherkin all fastened by a medium size stick.

-          Pincho moruno: skewers made with spiced chunks of chicken, pork or beef.

 

The size of a tapa can vary depending on the ingredients, time of day, the area of Spain. The same goes for the price, as some include drinks. Tapas can be found in all cities and bars in Spain, always presented at the fornt desk or bar, to see what they offer.

  

We recommend that in your next visit to Spain do not fail to try and test tapas the more the better. You will find an unlimited source of ideas, ingredients and flavours, as well as friends.

Bon appetit!, or in the Spanish way, Buen provecho!

HOW TO IDENTIFY A HAM WITH "JAMON DE TERUEL" DESIGNATION OF ORIGIN.

Check to see if the hoof is on the ham, the skin has the 8-point star and the word TERUEL heat-branded onto it, and that the band round the hoof has the registry number and stamp of the Regulatory Committee of JAMÓN DE TERUEL.

Don’t buy a pig in a poke! To identify a Jamón de Teruel  P.D.O  ham, check the three signs of its identity:

1. The rind or skin of the ham must bear the 8-point star and the word TERUEL burned into it.

2. A whole ham must always have its hoof. The Regulatory Committee cuts the hoof off all the rejected hams which do not meet the required standards: weight, marbling, months of curing, etc.

3. The hoof must have the band with the registry number and stamp of the Regulatory Committee of the Designation of Origin. This is the product’s ID card, which lets us identify the pig it came from, the farm it was raised on, the abattoir where it was slaughtered, the drying shed where the ham was cured, andother information.

If you buy the ham sliced rather than whole, check that the tray is labelled with the Jamón de Teruel logo.

We need to know how to distinguish a “Jamón de Teruel  P.D.O” from any cured ham from the province of Teruel. Don’t be fooled. Unlike other hams, “Jamón de Teruel P.D.O.” has gone through the strict quality checks established by the Regulatory Committee.

There are many differences between them. First, the whole process of a “Jamón de Teruel  P.D.O” has taken place in the province of Teruel. The pig was born, raised and slaughtered in Teruel, and of course, the ham was cured in one of the province’s 53 drying houses registered with the Regulatory Committee.  In this way the Regulatory committee is able to monitor every aspect of the product and provide complete traceability. None of this information is available for a ham which does not have the Denomination of Origin. Only 1 in 8 hams cured in the province of Teruel is “Jamón de Teruel P.D.O”.

The type of pigs used for Denomination of Origin “Jamón de Teruel  P.D.O ” hams are always from crosses between the breeds Landrace (standard type) and Large White, on the maternal line, and Duroc for the paternal line. This cross produces an exquisite ham, low in salt, high in proteins and low in cholesterol.

Another requirement of the Regulatory Committee is that the drying houses in the province of Teruel must be at least 800 metres above sea level. Teruel hams must be cured for at least fourteen months, although most industrial producers bring hams to the market after a longer curing time, to give the product more flavour and aroma.

After production, the inspectors of the Regulatory Committee of Denomination of Origin check each ham and certify them as suitable for the Designation of Origin with a numbered band and an eight-point star heat-branded onto the skin, with the word Teruel to signify its quality.

Take all these recommendations into account when buying a “Jamón de Teruel P.D.O” ham, and if you want a top quality product, be sure to insist on “Jamón de Teruel P.D.O”, or in other words, ham with a Protected Designation of Origin.

What are the Designations of Origin for hams (jamón) in Spain?.

Spanish PROVINCES

The most demanding distinctive quality mark for food is the Designation of Origin (DO). Products protected under this formula are those whose quality and characteristics are due to their geographical environment with its natural and human aspects, and whose production, processing and manufacture are always carried out within the geographical area from which they take their name.

In Spain, Designations of Origin for our reputed hams are as follows:

• Jamón de Teruel, (Teruel): 
• Los Pedroches, (Huelva):
• Dehesa de Extremadura (Extremadura): 
• Guijuelo (Salamanca):
• Jamón de Huelva (Huelva): 

Teruel province location in Spain

Jamones Casa Mata S.L., our mother company, is located in Rubielos de Mora, (Teruel province). We feed our own pigs in our farms, we sacrifice them and we process and cure its hams, complying with all the standard regulations stated by the Jamón de Teruel Regulatory Council. 

To get further details about:

• Regulatory Council
• Processing Methods
• Pigs origin and breeds
• Total production 
• Exports
• Etc.

You are invited to have a look at the official information given by "FOODS FROM SPAIN"  website dedicated to our Jamón de Teruel, Designation of Origin. 

In our blog, you are welcome to follow this link to one of the posts we have written to describe our delicious Jamón de Teruel.

Jamon de Teruel

Jamón de Teruel is a Designation of Origin protected by the EU, that is the reason why our quality label reads "Jamón de Teruel DOP" in Spanish, or "Ham from Teruel PDO in English language.

 If you want to know more about a protected designation of origin we recommend you to read this post: What is a Protected Designation of Origin by the EU?

The world of cured hams from Spain is fascinating!, do not hesitate to contact us for any information you might require at clientes@antoniomata.com. We are specialized in Spanish hams: Jamón de Teruel, jamón ibérico, jamón serrano, etc. and we will be delighted to solve all of your doubts. Be welcome at any time!

Black truffle tasting menus at "Hotel Los Leones", Rubielos de Mora, Teruel, Spain.

Black truffle and the Rubielos de Mora Saint Mary´s Cathedral

Borage with clams, ham and black truffle

Teruel is the most famous Spanish province speaking about the "black diamond of the gastronomy":  black truffles (Tuber Melanosporum). Winter time is the perfect moment to come and enjoy the excellent and unique gastronomy with this delicacy.

The beautiful village Rubielos de Mora, (Spanish "citta slow") is one of the most reputed areas in Teruel when it comes to black truffles culture and gastronomy: http://www.rubielosdemora.es/

We kindly invite you to discover the " Hotel Los Leones" restaurant, to taste their special menus dedicated to the black truffle during its season: http://www.losleones.info/

Do you love Spanish gastronomy and Mediterranean diet?. Do not hesitate to visit our village and to taste and enjoy the original cook with ham and black truffle. You will never forget it!

In Antonio Mata, we are specialized in black truffles delicacies. For further information and of course if you want to buy truffles, you are welcome to visit our online shop.

Cod with orange, ham and chestnut crust. Gastronomy with Spanish Jamon de Teruel (Ham from Teruel P.D.O).

Ingredients

4 fillet(s) (medium) fish, Cod, Raw  

1 cup of chestnuts

4 slices of ham from Teruel P.D.O 

1 medium orange, finely grated (its juice & peel)  

1 teaspoon herb seasoning blend 

1 tablespoons of fresh parsley  

2 cloves of garlic

1 big onion

2 tablespoons white wine

2 tablespoons Olive oil

Black Pepper and salt to taste

Steps

Preheat oven to 380°F (180ºC)

Saute cloves to garlic and onion finely cut with olive oil , then whisk in the white wine and the cognac stirring for several minutes. Add seasonings to taste. Simmer for 20 minutes.

Simmer the chestnuts with salt for 15 to 25 minutes.

Put the garlic and onion into a bowl and add the parsley, the herb seasoning blend, the orange peel and its juice. Stir and season with salt, pepper and olive oil.

Spray a baking tray with olive oil and arrange the cod fillets on top. Then share the orange mixture between the cod, pressing it over the surface of each fillet, add the chestnuts and the Serrano ham. Transfer to the oven and bake for 15-20 minutes.

Serve the fish with the slice ham from Teruel (P.D.O) and chestnuts.


Our Ham

‘Jamón de Teruel’ is the registered trade mark used by the Regulatory Council of Ham from Teruel, the oldest Spanish cured ham P.D.O. by the EU.